What may not be carried

A mitzvah purpose or ordinary need does not by itself permit carrying. The same applies when the object is very small or the distance is short.

  • Keys, wallets, papers, tissues, and objects left in a pocket
  • Siddurim, Chumashim, seforim, talleisim, and other mitzvah objects
  • Food, gifts, bottles, bags, and children's supplies
  • Strollers and objects placed in or attached to them

Keys and building access

Keys should be left at the destination or used only through an arrangement that is halachically suitable for the particular key, garment, lock, and route. Wearing a key as part of a belt is not automatically valid merely because it is attached to clothing.

A child is not a routine carrying arrangement

The laws of chinuch and of causing a child to perform melacha do not provide a general way to move objects through the neighborhood. Age, understanding, who gives or places the object, and the nature of the need can all affect an individual case.

Asking a non-Jew

Amirah l'akum generally prohibits asking a non-Jew to perform melacha for a Jew on Shabbos. The defined halachic allowances for illness or other serious needs do not create a routine substitute for an eruv.

Medical and safety needs

Where life or serious safety is at stake, act as halacha requires without delay. Recurring non-emergency medical, disability, or mobility needs should be discussed with a Rav before Shabbos so that a practical arrangement can be made.